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Pros / Cons

Advantages:

• The grain flow, i.e., the directional pattern that metal crystals assume during plastic deformation, can be aligned with the directions of the principal stresses that will occur when the workpiece is loaded in service.

• Higher strength, ductility, and impact resistance are achieved along the grain flow of the forged material than in the randomly oriented crystals of the cast metal or welded metal

• Structural integrity from piece to piece is better. Good quality forging control makes it easier to avoid internal pockets, voids, inclusions, laps, etc...

Disadvantages:

• The forged parts often need to be machined before use.

• Forging tooling for complicated geometry may be expensive and require multiple passes on the same workpiece.